1.1: Study of Matter

  MATTER

Everything that has mass and occupies space. It is divided into three physical states:

  ***Matter can be subdivided into Mixtures and Pure substances as follows***

  1. Pure Substances                                                  

                                                          

     Definite composition: Can't be separated by physical means.

a) Elements --> Made up of all same kind of atoms. i.e. All those listed in the periodic table.

b) Compound --> Two or more atoms chemically combined. i.e. H2O, O2

                                                                                            2. Mixtures

     Indefinite composition: Can be separated physically.

a) Homogeneous --> Look uniform throughout. i.e. solutions

b) Heterogeneous --> Not uniform throughot.

                                                                             PROPERTIES OF MATTER

                                                                                             1. Physical

    Physical Properties : Observed without changing what the substance is.

Examples:____________________

*Temperature

*Boiling point

*Melting point

_______________________________

Intensive: Independent of Mass

Extensive: Dependent of Mass.

    Physical Changes : A change that does not change what the substance is.

Examples:____________________

*Solid

*Liquid

*Gas

_______________________________

                                                                                                 2. Chemical

     Chemical Properties : Description of how a substance can change.

Examples:____________________

*Iron can rust

*Burns in air

_______________________________

    Chemical Changes : When the substance changes represent by a chemical reaction.

(i.e. color change, heat, precipitate forms, bubbles, light)

Examples:____________________

*Color Change

*Heat

*Precipitate forms

*Bubbles

*Light

_______________________________

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HOMEWORK EXERCISES

1. Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous:

a) Rice pudding --> Mixture, heterogeneous

b) Sea Water-->  Mixture, homogeneous

c) Magnesium--> Pure substance

d) Gasoline--> Mixture, homogeneous

2. Label each of the following as either a physical process or a chemical process:

a) corrosion of aluminum metal--> Chemical

b) Melting ice --> Physical

c) Pulverizing an aspirin --> Physical

d) Digesting a candy bar --> Chemical

e) Explosion of nitroglycerin --> Chemical

3. Suggest a method of separating each of the following mixtures into two components:

a) Sugar and sand --> Filtration

b) Iron and Sulfur --> Evaporization